Kerala Plus One Economics Improvement Question Paper say 2018 with Answers
| Board | SCERT |
| Class | Plus One |
| Subject | Economics |
| Category | Plus One Previous Year Question Papers |
Time Allowed: 21/2 hours
Cool off time: 15 Minutes
Maximum Marks: 80
General Instructions to Candidates :
- There is a ‘cool off time’ of 15 minutes in addition to the writing time of 21/2 hrs.
- You are not allowed to write your answers nor to discuss anything with others during the ‘cool off time’.
- Use the ‘cool off time’ to get familiar with the questions and to plan your answers.
- Read questions carefully before you answering.
- All questions are compulsory and only internal choice is allowed.
- When you select a question, all the sub-questions must be answered from the same question itself.
- Calculations, figures and graphs should be shown in the answer sheet itself.
- Malayalam version of the questions is also provided.
- Give equations wherever necessary.
- Electronic devices except non-programmable calculators are not allowed in the Examination Hall.
Answer Question Number 1, which carries 5 scores. (1 × 5 = 5)
Question 1.
Match the columns ‘B’ and ‘C’ with column ‘A’.
| A | B | C |
| a) Mean | Equity in agriculture | No correlation |
| b) Land reforms | r = 0 | Ayurveda |
| c) China | Median | Land ceiling |
| d) Coefficient of correlation | Yoga | Commune system |
| e) Ayush | Growth due to manufacturing sector | Mode |
Answer:
| A | B | C | |
| a) | Mean | Median | Mode |
| b) | Land reforms | Equity in agriculture | Land ceiling |
| c) | China | Growth due to manufacturing sector | Commune system |
| d) | Coefficient of correlation | r= 0 | No correlation |
| e) | Ayush | Yoga | Ayurveda |
Answer all questions from question numbers 2 to 6. Each carry 1 score. (5 × 1 = 5)
Question 2.
The stage of demographic transition prevailed in India before 1921 was ………….
a) First stage
b) Second stage
c) Third stage
d) None of these
Answer:
a) First stage
Question 3.
Operation flood is connected with ………….
a) Fish production
b) Food grains production
c) Milk production
d) Vegetables production
Answer:
c) Milk production
Question 4.
Non-sampling error can be minimized by taking …………
a) Small sample
b) large sample
c) medium sample
d) none of these
Answer:
Any answer
Question 5.
Frequency distribution of two variables is known as ………….
a) Univariate distribution
b) Bivariate distribution
c) Multivariate distribution
d) None of these
Answer:
b) Bivariate distribution
Question 6.
The index number is used in India to measure the changes in retail prices.
a) Consumer price index
b) Wholesale price index
c) Producer price index
d) None of these
Answer:
a) Consumer price index
Answer all questions from question numbers 7 to 11. Each carry 2 scores. (5 × 2 = 10)
Question 7.
Now India is one of the industrially growing economies in the world. In the light of this, analyze the state of industrial sector during the British Period in India. Answer:
Answer:
During the British period, the condition of industrial sector was very poor because they tried.
- To turn India into a market of finished products of those industries which were established in Britain.
- To reduce India to a status of a mere exporter of important raw materials for the industries in Britain.
Question 8.
Unemployment is one of the major hurdles in India’s growth path. In this context, differentiate the concepts of open unemployment and disguised unemployment.
Answer:
Open unemployment: It refers to that situation in which the worker is willing to do work yet he does not get work.
Disguised unemployment: In this case the number of people engaged in a work is more than what is needed for the work. They do not contribute to productive work and even if withdrawn do not result in a fall in output.
Question 9.
National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) is a national level agency to collect process and tabulate the statistical data. Find the other two national level agencies.
Answer:
CSO, RGI, Labour bureau, DGCIS (Any two)
Question 10.
Statistics is an indispensable tool for an economist. It helps him to understand an economic problem. List the other two uses.
Answer:
- Statistics helps an economist to present economic facts in a precise and definite form.
- It plays a major role in the formulation plans and policies of the government.
Question 11.
India and Pakistan followed similar development strategies in many areas. Identify any four.
Answer:
Development strategies of India and Pakistan are similar which are given below.
India:
- Mixed economy
- Five year plan
- Encourage FDI
- Direct tax reduced
Pakistan:
- Mixed economy
- Five year plan
- Encourage FDI
- Direct tax reduced
Answer any 6 questions from question numbers 12 to 18. Each carries 3 scores. (6 × 3 = 18)
Question 12.
The Government of India has replaced planning commission with a new institution named NITI Aayog (National Institution for Transforming India). Economic planning should have some clearly specific goals. Briefly analyze any three major goals of economic planning.
Answer:
NITI Aayog should have some goals which are:
- Growth
- Equity
- Modernisation
- Self-reliance
Growth:
It refers to an increase in the productive capacity of a country. GDP is the generally used indicator of growth. In India the share of agriculture has been declining over the years and that of service sector has been rising.
Equity:
Growth, modernisation and self-reliance can be meaningful only if the fruits of development are equitably shared between all the sections of the population.
Modernisation:
Modernisation means adoption of modern technologies with the view to increase production and productivity.
Self-reliance:
Self-reliance means ability to depend on one self. India adopted the policy of import substitution.
Question 13.
Census method and sampling survey are generally used to collect the data. Being an economics student, point out the three merits of census method.
Answer:
Census method generally used to collect the data. The important merits are given below:
- More reliable and accurate
- Useful for further study
- Each unit is studied
Question 14.
Draw a pie diagram based on the following data.
| Course | No. of Students |
| Science | 240 |
| Commerce | 180 |
| Humanities | 120 |
| Computer Science | 120 |
Answer:
Question 15.
Calculate the simple aggregative price index.
| Commodities | Price | |
| 2010 (P0) | 2015 (P1) | |
| A | 100 | 110 |
| B | 75 | 80 |
| C | 200 | 250 |
| D | 50 | 60 |
Answer:
Question 16.
The following are the steps towards making a project. Arrange them orderly.
Choice of target group, conclusion, organization and presentation of data, analysis and interpretation, Collection of data. Identifying a problem on an area of study.
Answer:
Identifying the problem
- Choice of target group
- Collection of data
- Organisation and presentation of data analysis and interpretation
- Conclusion
Question 17.
The Government of India adopted three-dimensional approach to attack the poverty in the country. Briefly analyze the third approach of “Provide minimum basic facilities to the people.”
Answer:
The third approach adopted in India to address the issue of poverty was through provision of minimum basic amenities to the people. The approach was adopted from the fifth plan onwards. It involves making public expenditure in areas like education, health, sanitation etc. with a view to improve the standard of living of the poor.
Under this approach there are three programmes to improve nutritional status of poor households. 1 PDS, 2 CDS and 3 Mid-day meal Scheme (MDMS). Many social security programmes were also launched to provide financial security to elderly people, poor women and widows.
Question 18.
Majority of the workers in India are in informal economy, also referred to as an unorganized sector. Specify the workers under organized and unorganized sectors and also point out the social security benefits under organized sector.
Answer:
All the public sector astablishments and these private sector establishments which employ 10 hired workers or more called formal sector establishments and those who work in such establishments are formal sector workers. All other enterprises and workers working in those enterprises form the informal sector, eg: Informal sector: Agricultural laboures.
There are benefits in the formal sector. Some of them are:
- Those who are working in the formal sector enjoy social security benefits.
- They earn more than those in the informal sector.
- Developmental planning envisaged that the economy grows. More and more workers would become formal sector workers and the proportion of workers engaged in the informal sector would dwindle.
Answer any 4 questions from 19 to 23. Each carries 4 scores. (4 × 4 = 16)
Question 19.
Poverty means not having enough money for basic needs such as food, drinking water, shelter or toilets.
Briefly explain the major causes of poverty in India. How do you measure it?
Answer:
Causes of poverty:
Poverty in India can be attributed to a number of socio-economic and political factors.
- Rapid growth of population
- Over dependence on agriculture sector
- Low productivity in agriculture sector
- Stagnation in Industrial sector
- Backwardness in health care sector
- Less growth in infrastructure
- Inequalities in the distribution of wealth and income
- Inefficiencies in the implementation of poverty eradication programmes
Measures of poverty:
- Jail cost of living method
- Head count poverty ratio
- Sen Index
- Squared poverty Gap
Question 20.
Under the various articles of the Indian Constitution, free and compulsory education is provided as a fundamental right to children between the ages of 6 and 14. On this context, analyze the education sector in India.
Answer:
In December 2002. the Government of India through the 86th Amendment of the constitution, education included in fundamental rights. Accordingly the state shall provide free and compulsory education to all children of the ageof6-14years. In 2009, Government also passed a law on education rights.
There is a need to step up expenditure at all the levels of education to bring about a balance at various levels. Moreover government has also introduced many loan schemes for promotion of higher education.
Large scale achievements made in the education sector in India after independence.
Question 21.
Rural development is the process of improving the quality of life and economic well being of people living in rural areas. Specify the areas which are challenging and need fresh motives for rural development. Elucidate.
Answer:
There are some areas challenging for rural development so we have to improve the following areas. Agriculture diversification is a system of farming that encourages production of a variety of plant and animals and their products. Non-farm employment
provides greater income stability. Majority of small and marginal farmers cultivate mainly low value subsistence crops. Commercialisation and diversification of small farmers within and outside agriculture with local and global markets.
This is helpful not only in liberating the small and marginal farmers from the poverty trap, but also to meet the country’s growing demands for fruits, vegetables, milk and milk products, meat, fishes, eggs etc. which generally show rising trends with increasing levels of per capita income in the economy.
Question 22.
Convert the inclusive method into exclusive method in the table given below and fill up the other columns based on the exclusive classes.
Answer:
| Exclusive | Mid | Lower | Upper |
| 10.5 – 19.5 | 15.5 | 10.5 | 19.5 |
| 19.5 – 29.5 | 24.5 | 19.5 | 29.5 |
| 29.5 – 39.5 | 34.5 | 29.5 | 39.5 |
| 39.5 – 49.5 | 44.5 | 39.5 | 49.5 |
| 49.5 – 59.5 | 54.5 | 49.5 | 59.5 |
Question 23.
The following table shows the scores obtained by 5 dancers in a dance competition. Find the rank correlation coefficient.
|
Dancers |
Score given by Judge 1 |
Score given by Judge 2 |
| A | 87 | 85 |
| B | 82 | 81 |
| C | 85 | 84 |
| D | 80 | 79 |
| E | 83 | 86 |
Answer:
Answer any 2 questions from 24 to 26. Each carries 5 scores. (2 × 5 = 10)
Question 24.
Draw a multiple bar diagram.
| Years |
Percentae of Result |
|
| Physics | Chemistry | |
| 2011 | 80 | 75 |
| 2012 | 82 | 80 |
| 2013 | 85 | 80 |
| 2014 | 84 | 82 |
| 2015 | 85 | 87 |
Answer:
Multiple Bar Diagram:
Question 25.
The Government of India started an economic reform in 1991. After 25 years of its inception, being a student of Economics analyze the impact of economic reforms in the sectors of agriculture and industry in India.
Answer:
The impact of economic reforms in the sectors of agriculture and industry in India are given below: Agricultural sector appears to be adversely affected by the reform process. The agricultural sector has not been able to be benefited by the reform process rather the growth rate has decelerated. Public investment in agriculture sector has been reduced during the reform period further the removal of fertilizer subsidy severely affected the small and marginal farmers.
Due to commencement of WTO a lot of policies have changed which have adversely affected the Indian farmers. Moreover because of export-oriented policy in agriculture there has been a shift from production for the domestic market towards production for export mark focusing on cash crops instead of food grains. This has resulted in the price rise of food grains.
In short India’s agricultural sector is badly affected by the reform process.
The industrial sector has performed poorly during reform period due to the reasons are:
- Shortage of electricity and raw materials affect the duality of goods produced.
- New economic policy has seriously affected the local industrial production.
However the government has also made attempts to improve the efficiency of PSUS by giving them autonomy in taking managerial decisions.
Question 26.
Energy is one of the major inputs for economic development. Prepare a note on the conventional and non-conventional sources of energy and their consumption in India.
Answer:
There are mainly two types of energy. Commercial source of energy and Non-commercial energy. The energy used for commercial purpose – this is known as commercial source of energy, eg. coal, petroleum and electricity. Non commercial sources of energy are firewood, agricultural waste and dried dung. Commercial sources of energy are generally exhaustible. Non commercial sources are generally renewable.
Non-conventional sources of Energy:
Both commercial and non commercial sources of energy are known as conventional sources of energy. There are three other sources of energy which are commonly termed as non-conventional sources – solar energy, wind energy and tidal power.
Power / Electricity:
The most visible form of energy whcih is often identified with progress in modern civilization, is power, commonly called electricity. It determines the economic development of a country.
Answer any 2 questions from 27 to 29. Each carries 8 scores. (2 × 8 = 16)
Question 27.
Environment and sustainable development are inter-connected. The environmental issues arise due to the developmental activities in the country which directly threatens India’s environment. Explain.
(Hints: Sustainable development, India’s environment, Global warming, Ozone, Depletion, Pollutions etc.)
Answer:
The concept of sustainable development was emphasized by the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), which define it as: ‘Development that meets the need of the present generation without compromising the ability of the future generation to meet their own needs.’
State of India’s Environment:
India has abundant natural resources in terms of rich quality of soil, hundreds of rivers and tributaries, lush green forests, plenty of mineral deposits beneath the land surface, vast stretch of the Indian ocean, ranges of mountains etc. However, the developmental activities in India have resulted in pressure on its finite natural resources. Besides creating impacts on human health and well-being.
Global Warming:
Global warming is the gradual increase in the average temperature of the earth’s lower atmosphere as a result of the increase in greenhouse gases.
Pollution:
There are different types of pollutions existing in environment which are given.
1. Air pollution:
Increase in number of vehicles and industrialisation are the major contributors of air pollution. The gases like Carbon dioxide, Carbon monoxide, Sulphur dioxide etc. emitted from factories and motor vehicles and dust particles directly contributes air pollution. This is caused by over population.
2. Water Pollution:
Both population growth and urbanisation causes not only less availability of fresh water but also it is a cause for water pollution. Waste disposal from factories to water bodies due to large scale industrialisation pollutes water. Similarly, overuse of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in the agriculture sector also causes water pollution.
The main reason for global warming is carbon dioxide. It is being released into the atmosphere through the burning of fossils, fuels, methane, nitrous oxide, chloro fluro carbon etc. are greenhouse gases. Nitrous oxide is spread into the atmosphere through the smoke released from vehicles.
Ozone Depletion:
The protective covering of earth lies above 12 miles altitude from the surface of earth is called ozone layer. This layer protects the biosphere from harmful ultra violet radiation from the sun. The ozone depletion is mainly caused by high levels of atomic chlorine and atomic bromine found in the atmospheric layer.
The origin of these compounds are chlorofluro carbons. They are known as Freons. They are used in air conditioners, refrigerators, sprays, etc.
An agreement was signed at Montreal in Canada for the protection of ozone layer. This agreement discourage the use of CFC compounds which is harmful for the ozone layer.
Question 28.
Calculate the Arithmetic Mean, Median and Mode from the following data.
| Marks | No. of Students |
| 40 | 5 |
| 80 | 6 |
| 60 | 10 |
| 50 | 15 |
| 90 | 4 |
Answer:
Median = Value of 20th item
Since 20 is not there in c.f. we take 21. Hence median is value of 21st item. i.e., Median = 60
So Median = 21
iii) Mode:
Here 15 is the highest frequency. The variable equivalent to the frequency is 50. So 50 is the mode.
Question 29.
Calculate the standard deviation and coefficient of variation from the following data.
| Daily wages | No. of Persons |
| 50 – 100 | 8 |
| 100 – 150 | 10 |
| 150 – 200 | 11 |
| 200 – 250 | 9 |
| 250 – 300 | 7 |
| 300 – 350 | 5 |
Answer:
Plus One Economics Previous Year Question Papers and Answers
